QUESTIONS
Question 1
The problem of personal identity is a species of the problem of _____.
| change |
| relativism |
| naturalism |
| evolution |
| creationism |
Question 2
According to Locke, the identity conditions for persons are the same as for any mass of matter.
- True
- False
Question 3
Patients who have undergone split brain surgery;
| develop two separate spheres of consciousness |
| rarely live longer than a week |
| are unable to look into a mirror |
| lose their emotions |
| have vivid and uncontrollable dreams |
Question 4
According to animalism, a person who has undergone split brain surgery is still the same person as before.
- True
- False
Question 5
A memory of an event that either didn’t happen or that was not caused by the event it records is a ____ memory.
| Real |
| apparent |
| imposter |
| virtual |
| Echo |
Question 6
Locke argued that answering the problem of personal identity is important for ____.
| moral responsibility |
| psycho-therapy |
| evolution |
| salvation |
| physics |
Question 7
According to the insufficiency objection to memory theory, our personal identity is determined by our memories and our ____.
| Souls |
| Bodies |
| Brains |
| Desires |
| all of these |
Question 8
Locke maintains that you shouldn’t be held responsible for something you don’t remember doing.
- True
- False
Question 9
Resurrection is theoretically possible according to animalism.
- True
- False
Question 10
According to Parfit, numerical identity is important for survival.
- True
- False
Question 11
Scientists cannot explain why near-death experiences have caused some people to have the sensation of leaving their bodies.
- True
- False
Question 12
Our bodies may contain atoms that once belonged to another human being.
- True
- False
Question 13
Properties: Enclosed plane geometric figure, Three exterior sides, and Interior angles add up to 180 degrees.
All of these are ______ properties of a triangle.
- Accidental
- Essential
Question 14
An essential property of a bicycle is
| Horn |
| red paint |
| reflectors |
| two wheels |
| banana seat |
Question 15
According to Locke, what is essential for living organisms, such as oak trees, to retain their identity over time is their:
| functional organization |
| Soul |
| Atoms |
| Cells |
Question 16
By dismissing counterexamples to their theory, psychological hedonists have made their theory
| untestable. |
| interesting. |
| informative. |
| stronger. |
| none of these |
Question 17
According to the categorical imperative, any action is morally permissible as long as the outcome is good.
- True
- False
Question 18
What makes an action right for someone is that it is approved by that person.
| ethical egoism |
| categorical imperative |
| subjective relativism |
| virtue theory |
| rule-utilitarianism |
Question 19
Ewing’s Innocent Criminal thought experiment shows that utilitarianism is inconsistent with our notion of
| rights. |
| happiness. |
| duties. |
| justice. |
| pain. |
Question 20
Mill argues that the happiness produced by various actions
| can differ not only in degree but also in kind. |
| is the same. |
| should not be measured. |
| is irrelevant to ethics. |
| none of these |
Question 21
According to the principle of mercy, _____ suffering is wrong.
| All |
| no amount of |
| unnecessary |
| human-inflicted |
| unequal |
Question 22
Emotivists claim that moral statements are
| meaningless. |
| some times false. |
| explanations. |
| theories. |
| always true. |
Question 23
Equals should be treated equally according to the principle of
| Justice |
| Mercy |
| Parsimony |
| Compassion |
| conservatism |
Question 24
Kant believes that animals are intrinsically valuable
- True
- False
Question 25
You have a ___ right to something if and only if others have a duty not to interfere with your pursuit of that thing.
| Positive |
| Negative |
| god-given |
| Equal |
| inalienable |
Question 26
According to Kant, all persons have all of the following characteristics except.
| self-conscious |
| Rational |
| Free |
| Sentient |
Question 27
Differing moral judgments are not necessarily the product of differing moral standards because the difference in judgment could be due to a difference in:
| factual beliefs |
| environment |
| cognition |
| outcome |
| none of these |
Question 28
Utilitarianism does not require that the guilty be punished or that the punishment fit the crime.
- True
- False
Question 29
According to Kant’s categorical imperative, which of the following is a necessary condition for the moral acceptability for an action?
| it does not violate any legal laws. |
| everyone can act on it. |
| it produces more happiness than unhappiness. |
| it does not defy accepted social norms. |
| none of these |
Question 30
Part of the dilemma for Divine Command Theory is that if goodness is a defining attribute of God, then the theory is:
| circular |
| Valid |
| a matter of taste |
| relative |
| none of these |
Question 31
Pascal believes that belief in God can be justified on
| rational grounds. |
| pragmatic grounds. |
| no grounds. |
Question 32
Earthquakes, floods, and disease are examples of ____ evil.
| necessary |
| primary |
| secondary |
| natural |
| moral |
Question 33
Pascal’s Wager is meant to be a proof for God’s existence.
- True
- False
Question 34
The teleological argument excludes the possibility of polytheism.
- True
- False
Question 35
The ancient Greeks, who believed in 12 gods, were
| agnostics. |
| polytheists. |
| monotheists. |
| atheists. |
| pantheists. |
| deists. |
Question 36
Hume discounts ancient reports of miracles like those found in the Bible because they come from
| sources of dubious credibility. |
| trained observers. |
| very educated people. |
| demons. |
Question 37
Which of the following best describes the concept of God at work in Descartes’ ontological argument?
| the perfect being |
| creator of time |
| human-like |
| miracle worker |
Question 38
Edward’s Gangle thought experiment shows that
| existence is not a defining property. |
| God is infinite in nature. |
| philosophy can one day discover God’s true essence. |
| God must have a physical body. |
| evolution cannot explain the existence of certain creatures. |
Question 39
The scientific competitor to the God hypothesis that explains religious experiences is the
| hallucination hypothesis. |
| alien hypothesis. |
| supernatural hypothesis. |
| mystic hypothesis. |
Question 40
Vacuum fluctuations show that every event does not need a cause.
- True
- False
Question 41
If the Kalam cosmological argument is sound, then it proves that God is
| none of these. |
| omnibenevolent. |
| omniscient. |
| omnipotent. |
| all of these. |
Question 42
Some advocates of the free will defense try to justify natural evil by blaming it on
| Satan. |
| poor design. |
| St. Peter’s betrayal. |
| botched scientific experiments. |
| God’s inability to see the future. |
Question 43
Logic demands that every series have a first member.
- True
- False
Question 44
Omniscient means
| all-powerful. |
| all-seeing. |
| all-knowing. |
| all-good. |
| unchanging. |
| eternal. |
Question 45
A irreducibly complex system is a system that
| is infinite. |
| would not work if one of its parts was removed. |
| has a single part. |
| never breaks down. |
ANSWERS
Question 1
The problem of personal identity is a species of the problem of _____.
| change |
| relativism |
| naturalism |
| evolution |
| creationism |
Question 2
According to Locke, the identity conditions for persons are the same as for any mass of matter.
- True
- False
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