Question 1
Which of the following is a type of environmental ethics that views all life as having value in itself, independent of its usefulness to humans?
- Deep Ecology
- Anthropocentrism
- Ecoutilitarianism
- Golden Mean
Question 2
Which view makes the claim that traditional ways of looking at ethics rely too much on reason and individual freedom and discount the value of emotion and social interdependence?
- Ecofeminism
- Existentialism
- Care Ethics
- Utilitarianism
Question 3
Kant thought that moral value is determined by __________.
- The will to power
- The teachings of the one true religion
- Being true to oneself
- Fulfilling one’s duty
Question 4
According to the text, the most difficult decisions in life challenge us to answer which question?
- What are right actions?
- What actions are most efficacious?
- What actions led to personal enlightenment?
Question 5
Held argued that genuine moral behavior does not take place in the realm of pure reason but within a network of relationships. She used the term ____________ to describe this network of people with whom we have real ties.
- Ethical hedonists.
- Caring and pairing relationships.
- Virtuous circle
- Particular others
Question 6
Existential ethics are devoid of moral values.
- True
- False
Question 7
For Mill, there is a distinction between intellectual pleasures and sensual pleasures.
- True
- False
Question 8
Singer argued that “speciesism” is morally appropriate, and employed the principle of utility as justification.
- True
- False
Question 9
The hypothetical imperative and categorical imperative are two kinds of moral imperatives.
- True
- False
Question 10
Nietzsche warned that we must never exercise our “will to power” to the fullest possible extent.
- True
- False
Question 11
According to Okin, women are prevented from competing on an equal footing with men in the career arena because ___________.
- Society expects women to be the primary ones to care for children and the home.
- Women have a higher standard of living than men.
- Men are more capable than women in all areas except the domestic arena.
- Women are less career-oriented than men are.
Question 12
What did Aristotle man by saying that the state is “prior to the individual”?
- People are social beings first and individuals second.
- The good of the government takes precedence over the need of any individual.
- A diverse population is required for a healthy community.
- The state is composed of many individuals.
Question 13
The term “distributive justice” refers to a theory of justice concerned with ____________.
- How society’s wealth, opportunity, and power are spread throughout that society.
- How societies should deal with those who break laws.
- Ensuring that each political party is given a turn to rule.
- Understanding mathematical models of justice.
Question 14
According to Thomas Hobbes’ idea of the social contract, the legitimacy of the state is based on _________.
- A war of all against all.
- The consent on the governed.
- A life that is nasty, brutish, and short.
- A state of nature.
Question 15
J.S. Mill’s core principle of social justice was __________, the view that justice is produced by the form of government that creates the greatest social benefit for the greatest number of people.
- Education
- Equality
- Social utility
- Consent
Question 16
Retributive justice is a theory that deals with how societies should treat those who obey the law.
- True
- False
Question 17
For Hobbes and Locke, individuals must be coerced to enter into a social contract.
- True
- False
Question 18
For Aristotle, living in society is natural.
- True
- False
Question 19
Mill believed that it was never acceptable to interfere with an individual’s liberty.
- True
- False
Question 20
For Plato, a just society does not allow civil disobedience.
- True
- False
ANSWER
Question 1
Which of the following is a type of environmental ethics that views all life as having value in itself, independent of its usefulness to humans?
- Deep Ecology
- Anthropocentrism
- Ecoutilitarianism
- Golden Mean
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